{"id":160,"date":"2024-02-06T08:57:36","date_gmt":"2024-02-06T08:57:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.koreneakotvy.eu\/?page_id=160"},"modified":"2024-02-06T09:02:58","modified_gmt":"2024-02-06T09:02:58","slug":"pogrom-na-slovensky-hovoriacich-obyvatelov-obce-stefanikov-v-roku-1938","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.koreneakotvy.eu\/?page_id=160","title":{"rendered":"Pogrom na Slov\u00e1kov v obci \u0160tef\u00e1nikov (1938)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ten sa odohral v obci \u0160tef\u00e1nikov, ktor\u00e1 le\u017e\u00ed na Juhoz\u00e1padnom Slovensku ne\u010faleko meste\u010dka Galanta. Osadu zalo\u017eili slovensk\u00ed klonisti z okolia \u017diliny v roku 1921. Po vzniku samostatn\u00e9ho \u010ceskoslovenska v roku 1918 prist\u00fapila nov\u00e1 vl\u00e1da k pozemkovej reforme a rozhodla sa vyvlastni\u0165 aj p\u00f4du niektor\u00fdch ma\u010farsk\u00fdch ve\u013ekostatk\u00e1rov na Ju\u017enom Slovensku a t\u00fato, po rozparcelovan\u00ed pon\u00fakn\u00fa\u0165 niektor\u00fdm bezzemkom. Za tak\u00fdchto podmienok do\u0161lo k pres\u0165ahovaniu 39 rod\u00edn z obc\u00ed Papradno, Brvni\u0161te a aj niektor\u00fdch \u010fal\u0161\u00edch obc\u00ed Severn\u00e9ho Slovenska \u2013 ako sa vtedy hovorilo \u2013 na Dolniaky. Za pomerne v\u00fdhodn\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00fdch podmienok si mohli od \u0161t\u00e1tu odk\u00fapi\u0165 zkonfi\u0161kov\u00e1n\u00fa p\u00f4du k obr\u00e1baniu a k tomu aj stavebn\u00fd pozemok. Na projekt, ako aj materi\u00e1l na stavbu nov\u00e9ho rodinn\u00e9ho domu potom dostali od banky celkom v\u00fdhodn\u00fd \u00faver\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A tak u\u017e v roku 1925 mohli by\u0165 skolaudovan\u00e9 prv\u00e9 domy a ich obyvatelia za\u010da\u0165 nov\u00fa existenciu. Z bezzemkov sa tak stali majetn\u00ed sedliaci a z horalov \u00faspe\u0161n\u00ed (po\u013eno)hospod\u00e1ri. Za odriekanie a drinu ne\u013eahk\u00e9h\u00fdch za\u010diatkov sa im tunaj\u0161ia \u00farodn\u00e1 \u010dernozem odmenila a kolonisti novej obce \u0160tef\u00e1nikov svoje rozhodnutie od\u00eds\u0165 zo svojho rodn\u00e9ho \u2013 hornat\u00e9ho a kr\u00e1sneho, ale chudobn\u00e9ho &#8211; kraja nemuseli \u013eutova\u0165. Obyvatelia a ich obec prosperovala, mala vlastn\u00fa po\u017eiarnu zbrojnicu a hasi\u010dsk\u00fd zbor, a polovici 30. rokov aj nov\u00fa budovu obecnej \u0161koly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pri\u0161iel v\u0161ak rok 1938 a \u010ceskoslovensko sa rozpadlo a zaniklo. Vznikol sice nov\u00fd Slovensk\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1t, ale aj tzv. Viedensk\u00e1 arbitr\u00e1\u017e v ktorej ve\u013emoci \u2013 a predov\u0161etk\u00fdm Nemecko a Taliansko \u2013 rozhodli o odtrhnut\u00ed niektor\u00fdch \u010dast\u00ed Ju\u017en\u00e9ho Slovenska v prospech Ma\u010farsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1\u013aovstva pod veden\u00edm Mikl\u00f3\u0161e Horthyho. A hoci si kolonisti mysleli, \u017ee sa so svojimi ma\u010farsk\u00fdmi spoluob\u010danmi dovtedaj\u0161ej \u010cSR, ktor\u00ed na Ju\u017enom Slovensku tvorili v\u00fdrazn\u00fa v\u00e4a\u010dsinu celkom dobre zn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa a toleruj\u00fa, to, \u010do sa potom v ich obci odohralo bol pogrom, s ktor\u00fdm dozaista nikto nepo\u010d\u00edtal\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Historik L\u00e1szl\u00f3 Pukkai v jednej svojej knihe takto popisuje udalosti, ktor\u00e9 sa stali v de\u0148, ke\u010f pri\u0161li do dediny Ma\u010fari:<em>\u201eNajv\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu traumu v celej svojej hist\u00f3rii za\u017eili ob\u010dani<\/em><em>a Javorinky<\/em><em> v prv\u00e9 dni okup\u00e1cie. Ob\u010dania sa navz\u00e1jom radili o tom, ak\u00fd postoj zauja\u0165 a ak\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie by bolo po\u010das okup\u00e1cie najvhodnej\u0161ie. Nako\u013eko preva\u017en\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 ob\u010danov sa nemala na Slovensku kam vr\u00e1ti\u0165, prijali spolo\u010dn\u00e9 rozhodnutie, \u017ee zostan\u00fa a spolo\u010dn\u00fdmi silami <\/em><em>sa pok\u00fasia zvl\u00e1dn\u00fa\u0165 dan\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Pred pr\u00edchodom ma\u010farskej arm\u00e1dy boli nejak\u00fd \u010das v Javorinke \u010desk\u00ed d\u00f4stojn\u00edci. Na ot\u00e1zku jako sa obyvatelia Javorinky maj\u00fa zachova\u0165 im odporu\u010dili, aby ma\u010farsk\u00fdch vojakov priv\u00edtali s kvetinami a tak vyjadrili ur\u010dit\u00fa lojalitu. Tento n\u00e1vrh prijali. Na za\u010diatku dediny pred Bundz\u00edkom sa 10.11.1938 s\u00fastredila skupina obyvate\u013eov a diev\u010dat\u00e1 \u2013 Ant\u00f3nia P\u00e9teriov\u00e1 (Bard\u00edkov\u00e1) a Anast\u00e1zia \u017dilin\u010d\u00edkov\u00e1 \u010dakali s kyticami kvetov.Nastalo v\u0161ak ve\u013ek\u00e9 prekvapenie, ke\u010f namiesto vojakov pri\u0161la po\u013enou cestou od \u010dierneho Brodu po\u010detn\u00e1 skupina (15-20) chlapov s kyjakmi a palicami. Skupinu ob\u010danov n\u00e1sil\u00edm rozohnali a za\u010dali hromadn\u00fa rabova\u010dku. Ondrejovi Lev\u010d\u00edkovi vykradli v\u0161etko vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 zariadenie, \u0160tefanovi Kov\u00e1\u010dovi vyv\u00e1dzali z ma\u0161tale kone a ke\u010f im kl\u00e1dol odpor, pou\u017eili vo\u010di nemu no\u017ee. Pri ochrane svojho majetku bol fyzicky napadnut\u00fd J\u00e1n Holi\u0161, ktor\u00e9mu zlomili rebr\u00e1 a musel by\u0165 o\u0161etren\u00fd v nemocnici v Nov\u00fdch Z\u00e1mkoch.V rabovan\u00ed pokra\u010dovaliz domu do domu, z ma\u0161tal\u00ed vyv\u00e1dzali kone a hov\u00e4dz\u00ed dobytok. Tento o\u0161ia\u013e rabovania zastavil a\u017e pr\u00edchod ma\u010farsk\u00fdch vojakov, ktor\u00ed pochodovali z Galanty do \u010cierneho Brodu a boli osloven\u00ed J\u00e1nom Poloc\u00edkom. Dobytok a kone, ktor\u00e9 boli u\u017e vyveden\u00e9 z ma\u0161tal\u00ed opustilia ostatn\u00e9 veci, ktor\u00e9 boli ukoristen\u00e9 odniesli.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u010eal\u0161\u00ed ve\u013ek\u00fd \u0161ok za\u017eili ob\u010dania, ke\u010f skupina ob\u010danov s vedom\u00edm ma\u010farsk\u00fdch \u017eand\u00e1rov n\u00e1sil\u00edm vnikla do \u0161koly. V\u0161etky knihy z bohatej kni\u017enice a \u0161kolsk\u00e9 pom\u00f4cky vyh\u00e1dzali na dvor a sp\u00e1lili. Ob\u010danom nedovolili, aby si knihy mohli zobra\u0165. Takto pre\u017e\u00edvali ob\u010dania Javorinky okup\u00e1ciu, ktor\u00e1 trvala nekone\u010dne dlh\u00fdch 65 mesiacov a bola ukon\u010den\u00e1 d\u0148a 1.4.1945 osloboden\u00edm Sovietskou arm\u00e1dou.\u201c <\/em>(In Ladislav Pukkai, Dejiny Javorinky, Mestsk\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 Galanta, 85, 1921 -2006)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pozn\u00e1mka: N\u00e1zov \u201e\u0160tef\u00e1nikov\u201c sa postupne menil na \u201e\u0160tef\u00e1nikovo\u201c a v roku 1961 na \u201eJavorinka\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Ale ako sa vyv\u00edjali veci okolo \u201epogromu v \u0160tef\u00e1nikove\u201c (Javorinke) \u010falej?<\/strong><\/em>                                            <em><strong>Vy\u0161etrilo pr\u00edp. vy\u0161etrovalo sa v\u00f4bec niekedy kto inicioval a kto boli protagonisti tejto temnej udalosti slovensko-ma\u010farsk\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov?<\/strong><\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Bolo podan\u00e9 trestn\u00e9 ozn\u00e1menie v tejto veci pr\u00edp. na koho?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Do\u010dkali sa po\u0161koden\u00ed obyvatelia \u0160ef\u00e1nikova resp. Javorinky nejak\u00e9ho od\u0161kodnenia \u010di aspo\u0148 ospravedlnenia z ma\u010farskej strany?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>A ako sa na tieto smutn\u00e9 udalosti d\u00edvaj\u00fa ich potomkovia, ktor\u00ed v Javorinke zostali pr\u00edp. z obce odi\u0161li ? A \u010do v\u0161etko o tom vedia?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">       <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ten sa odohral v obci \u0160tef\u00e1nikov, ktor\u00e1 le\u017e\u00ed na Juhoz\u00e1padnom Slovensku ne\u010faleko meste\u010dka Galanta. Osadu zalo\u017eili slovensk\u00ed klonisti z okolia \u017diliny v roku 1921. Po vzniku samostatn\u00e9ho \u010ceskoslovenska v roku 1918 prist\u00fapila nov\u00e1 vl\u00e1da k pozemkovej reforme a rozhodla sa vyvlastni\u0165 aj p\u00f4du niektor\u00fdch ma\u010farsk\u00fdch ve\u013ekostatk\u00e1rov na Ju\u017enom Slovensku a t\u00fato, po rozparcelovan\u00ed pon\u00fakn\u00fa\u0165 niektor\u00fdm &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-160","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","latest_post"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.koreneakotvy.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/160","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.koreneakotvy.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.koreneakotvy.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.koreneakotvy.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.koreneakotvy.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=160"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.koreneakotvy.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/160\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":167,"href":"https:\/\/www.koreneakotvy.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/160\/revisions\/167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.koreneakotvy.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=160"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}